BIOCOAGULATION AND BIOSORPTION ACTIVITIES OF MORINGA OLEIFERA SEEDS ON KWALKWALAWA RIVER AND DANKURE MARKET WASTEWATER

Abstract

ABSTRACT The use of conventional methods for raw water and wastewater treatment is accompanied by several challenges, which have lead to the search for cheap and promising methods of water treatment. Though Moringa oleifera L. seeds have been reported to have biocoagulant and biosorption properties, the use of this plant for water treatment has not been adequately exploited. In this study, Fourier Transform Infrared (FT-IR), proximate analysis and jar test were carried out to characterize M. oleifera seeds, evaluate it proximate composition and dose effect on water quality of Kwalkwalawa River and Dankure Market Wastewater. Also, batch adsorption and batch kinetics studies were conducted and the equilibrium data analysed using Langmuir and Freundlich isotherm models, while the kinetics data were analysed using Elovich and intraparticle diffusion kinetics model. The result of FT-IR and proximate analysis revealed the complex nature of the seed, with the presence of proteins, carbohydrates and lipids. Both M. oleifera and defatted M. oleifera seeds powder have optimal turbidity removal at dose level of 0.1g/L and 1.0g/L for raw water and wastewater respectively. pH, conductivity and total dissolved solids (TDS) of M. oleifera treated water were not significantly affected at all dose levels, there was progressive decrease in coliform count as seeds dose increased. Partially purified M. oleifera seeds proteins exhibited biocoagulant activity similar to that of the seed powder, but conductivity and TDS were increased, which was a consequence of the presence of dissolved salts in the protein eluent. Regression analysis showed that Pb(II) and Cd(II) adsorption conform better to Freundlich isotherm model than Langmuir model, adsorption of Cd(II) conform to intraparticle diffusion model while Pb(II) conform relatively to the model. The constant depicting boundary layer effect “C”, indicates that Cd(II) and Pb(II) adsorption occur via a multilayer adsorption mechanism and mass transfer was not the only rate limiting step in the biosorption process. Thus, M. oleifera seed is recommended for point-of-use water treatment in communities suffering from acute portable water shortage.ABSTRACT The use of conventional methods for raw water and wastewater treatment is accompanied by several challenges, which have lead to the search for cheap and promising methods of water treatment. Though Moringa oleifera L. seeds have been reported to have biocoagulant and biosorption properties, the use of this plant for water treatment has not been adequately exploited. In this study, Fourier Transform Infrared (FT-IR), proximate analysis and jar test were carried out to characterize M. oleifera seeds, evaluate it proximate composition and dose effect on water quality of Kwalkwalawa River and Dankure Market Wastewater. Also, batch adsorption and batch kinetics studies were conducted and the equilibrium data analysed using Langmuir and Freundlich isotherm models, while the kinetics data were analysed using Elovich and intraparticle diffusion kinetics model. The result of FT-IR and proximate analysis revealed the complex nature of the seed, with the presence of proteins, carbohydrates and lipids. Both M. oleifera and defatted M. oleifera seeds powder have optimal turbidity removal at dose level of 0.1g/L and 1.0g/L for raw water and wastewater respectively. pH, conductivity and total dissolved solids (TDS) of M. oleifera treated water were not significantly affected at all dose levels, there was progressive decrease in coliform count as seeds dose increased. Partially purified M. oleifera seeds proteins exhibited biocoagulant activity similar to that of the seed powder, but conductivity and TDS were increased, which was a consequence of the presence of dissolved salts in the protein eluent. Regression analysis showed that Pb(II) and Cd(II) adsorption conform better to Freundlich isotherm model than Langmuir model, adsorption of Cd(II) conform to intraparticle diffusion model while Pb(II) conform relatively to the model. The constant depicting boundary layer effect “C”, indicates that Cd(II) and Pb(II) adsorption occur via a multilayer adsorption mechanism and mass transfer was not the only rate limiting step in the biosorption process. Thus, M. oleifera seed is recommended for point-of-use water treatment in communities suffering from acute portable water shortage.ABSTRACT The use of conventional methods for raw water and wastewater treatment is accompanied by several challenges, which have lead to the search for cheap and promising methods of water treatment. Though Moringa oleifera L. seeds have been reported to have biocoagulant and biosorption properties, the use of this plant for water treatment has not been adequately exploited. In this study, Fourier Transform Infrared (FT-IR), proximate analysis and jar test were carried out to characterize M. oleifera seeds, evaluate it proximate composition and dose effect on water quality of Kwalkwalawa River and Dankure Market Wastewater. Also, batch adsorption and batch kinetics studies were conducted and the equilibrium data analysed using Langmuir and Freundlich isotherm models, while the kinetics data were analysed using Elovich and intraparticle diffusion kinetics model. The result of FT-IR and proximate analysis revealed the complex nature of the seed, with the presence of proteins, carbohydrates and lipids. Both M. oleifera and defatted M. oleifera seeds powder have optimal turbidity removal at dose level of 0.1g/L and 1.0g/L for raw water and wastewater respectively. pH, conductivity and total dissolved solids (TDS) of M. oleifera treated water were not significantly affected at all dose levels, there was progressive decrease in coliform count as seeds dose increased. Partially purified M. oleifera seeds proteins exhibited biocoagulant activity similar to that of the seed powder, but conductivity and TDS were increased, which was a consequence of the presence of dissolved salts in the protein eluent. Regression analysis showed that Pb(II) and Cd(II) adsorption conform better to Freundlich isotherm model than Langmuir model, adsorption of Cd(II) conform to intraparticle diffusion model while Pb(II) conform relatively to the model. The constant depicting boundary layer effect “C”, indicates that Cd(II) and Pb(II) adsorption occur via a multilayer adsorption mechanism and mass transfer was not the only rate limiting step in the biosorption process. Thus, M. oleifera seed is recommended for point-of-use water treatment in communities suffering from acute portable water shortage.ABSTRACT The use of conventional methods for raw water and wastewater treatment is accompanied by several challenges, which have lead to the search for cheap and promising methods of water treatment. Though Moringa oleifera L. seeds have been reported to have biocoagulant and biosorption properties, the use of this plant for water treatment has not been adequately exploited. In this study, Fourier Transform Infrared (FT-IR), proximate analysis and jar test were carried out to characterize M. oleifera seeds, evaluate it proximate composition and dose effect on water quality of Kwalkwalawa River and Dankure Market Wastewater. Also, batch adsorption and batch kinetics studies were conducted and the equilibrium data analysed using Langmuir and Freundlich isotherm models, while the kinetics data were analysed using Elovich and intraparticle diffusion kinetics model. The result of FT-IR and proximate analysis revealed the complex nature of the seed, with the presence of proteins, carbohydrates and lipids. Both M. oleifera and defatted M. oleifera seeds powder have optimal turbidity removal at dose level of 0.1g/L and 1.0g/L for raw water and wastewater respectively. pH, conductivity and total dissolved solids (TDS) of M. oleifera treated water were not significantly affected at all dose levels, there was progressive decrease in coliform count as seeds dose increased. Partially purified M. oleifera seeds proteins exhibited biocoagulant activity similar to that of the seed powder, but conductivity and TDS were increased, which was a consequence of the presence of dissolved salts in the protein eluent. Regression analysis showed that Pb(II) and Cd(II) adsorption conform better to Freundlich isotherm model than Langmuir model, adsorption of Cd(II) conform to intraparticle diffusion model while Pb(II) conform relatively to the model. The constant depicting boundary layer effect “C”, indicates that Cd(II) and Pb(II) adsorption occur via a multilayer adsorption mechanism and mass transfer was not the only rate limiting step in the biosorption process. Thus, M. oleifera seed is recommended for point-of-use water treatment in communities suffering from acute portable water shortage.ABSTRACT The use of conventional methods for raw water and wastewater treatment is accompanied by several challenges, which have lead to the search for cheap and promising methods of water treatment. Though Moringa oleifera L. seeds have been reported to have biocoagulant and biosorption properties, the use of this plant for water treatment has not been adequately exploited. In this study, Fourier Transform Infrared (FT-IR), proximate analysis and jar test were carried out to characterize M. oleifera seeds, evaluate it proximate composition and dose effect on water quality of Kwalkwalawa River and Dankure Market Wastewater. Also, batch adsorption and batch kinetics studies were conducted and the equilibrium data analysed using Langmuir and Freundlich isotherm models, while the kinetics data were analysed using Elovich and intraparticle diffusion kinetics model. The result of FT-IR and proximate analysis revealed the complex nature of the seed, with the presence of proteins, carbohydrates and lipids. Both M. oleifera and defatted M. oleifera seeds powder have optimal turbidity removal at dose level of 0.1g/L and 1.0g/L for raw water and wastewater respectively. pH, conductivity and total dissolved solids (TDS) of M. oleifera treated water were not significantly affected at all dose levels, there was progressive decrease in coliform count as seeds dose increased. Partially purified M. oleifera seeds proteins exhibited biocoagulant activity similar to that of the seed powder, but conductivity and TDS were increased, which was a consequence of the presence of dissolved salts in the protein eluent. Regression analysis showed that Pb(II) and Cd(II) adsorption conform better to Freundlich isotherm model than Langmuir model, adsorption of Cd(II) conform to intraparticle diffusion model while Pb(II) conform relatively to the model. The constant depicting boundary layer effect “C”, indicates that Cd(II) and Pb(II) adsorption occur via a multilayer adsorption mechanism and mass transfer was not the only rate limiting step in the biosorption process. Thus, M. oleifera seed is recommended for point-of-use water treatment in communities suffering from acute portable water shortage.ABSTRACT The use of conventional methods for raw water and wastewater treatment is accompanied by several challenges, which have lead to the search for cheap and promising methods of water treatment. Though Moringa oleifera L. seeds have been reported to have biocoagulant and biosorption properties, the use of this plant for water treatment has not been adequately exploited. In this study, Fourier Transform Infrared (FT-IR), proximate analysis and jar test were carried out to characterize M. oleifera seeds, evaluate it proximate composition and dose effect on water quality of Kwalkwalawa River and Dankure Market Wastewater. Also, batch adsorption and batch kinetics studies were conducted and the equilibrium data analysed using Langmuir and Freundlich isotherm models, while the kinetics data were analysed using Elovich and intraparticle diffusion kinetics model. The result of FT-IR and proximate analysis revealed the complex nature of the seed, with the presence of proteins, carbohydrates and lipids. Both M. oleifera and defatted M. oleifera seeds powder have optimal turbidity removal at dose level of 0.1g/L and 1.0g/L for raw water and wastewater respectively. pH, conductivity and total dissolved solids (TDS) of M. oleifera treated water were not significantly affected at all dose levels, there was progressive decrease in coliform count as seeds dose increased. Partially purified M. oleifera seeds proteins exhibited biocoagulant activity similar to that of the seed powder, but conductivity and TDS were increased, which was a consequence of the presence of dissolved salts in the protein eluent. Regression analysis showed that Pb(II) and Cd(II) adsorption conform better to Freundlich isotherm model than Langmuir model, adsorption of Cd(II) conform to intraparticle diffusion model while Pb(II) conform relatively to the model. The constant depicting boundary layer effect “C”, indicates that Cd(II) and Pb(II) adsorption occur via a multilayer adsorption mechanism and mass transfer was not the only rate limiting step in the biosorption process. Thus, M. oleifera seed is recommended for point-of-use water treatment in communities suffering from acute portable water shortage.