HEPATOPROTECTIVE, PHYTOCHEMICAL AND ANTIOXIDANT PROPERTIES OF STEM BARK EXTRACT OF Newbouldia laevis

Abstract

ABSTRACT The present work evaluates the hepatoprotective, phytochemical and antioxidant properties of stem bark extracts of Newbouldia laevis in rats treated with carbon tetrachloride (CCl4). saponins, tannins, flavonoids, alkaloids, volatile oils, steroids, flavonoid glycosides, balsams, saponin glycosides and resins were detected in the extracts. A significant (P<0.05) rise in the levels of transaminases, bilirubin, alkaline phosphatase, cholesterol and lipid peroxides in CCl4 intoxicated rats were restored to normal levels in groups treated with 40,80,120 and 160mg/kg of the extracts and CCl4 in a dose-dependent manner. However, levels of albumin, total protein, vitamin C, vitamin E, reduced glutathione and catalase significantly increased (P<0.05) when treated with the extract at 120 and 160mg/kg, respectively. Similarly, an increase in the activity of microsomal marker enzymes and lipids were recorded when treated with the extracts at the same dose. Histopathological observation showed fatty changes, necrosis and ballooning degeneration of hepatocytes in CCl4 treated group. These attributes were not seen in groups treated with the extracts at 160mg/kg and CCl4, which indicates high protective effect than 40, 80, and 120mg/kg. The lethal dose (LD50) of the plant extract was greater than 5000mg/kg. The results from this study suggest that CCl4-induced damage in rats can be ameliorated by treatment with the stem bark extracts of Newbouldia laevis.ABSTRACT The present work evaluates the hepatoprotective, phytochemical and antioxidant properties of stem bark extracts of Newbouldia laevis in rats treated with carbon tetrachloride (CCl4). saponins, tannins, flavonoids, alkaloids, volatile oils, steroids, flavonoid glycosides, balsams, saponin glycosides and resins were detected in the extracts. A significant (P<0.05) rise in the levels of transaminases, bilirubin, alkaline phosphatase, cholesterol and lipid peroxides in CCl4 intoxicated rats were restored to normal levels in groups treated with 40,80,120 and 160mg/kg of the extracts and CCl4 in a dose-dependent manner. However, levels of albumin, total protein, vitamin C, vitamin E, reduced glutathione and catalase significantly increased (P<0.05) when treated with the extract at 120 and 160mg/kg, respectively. Similarly, an increase in the activity of microsomal marker enzymes and lipids were recorded when treated with the extracts at the same dose. Histopathological observation showed fatty changes, necrosis and ballooning degeneration of hepatocytes in CCl4 treated group. These attributes were not seen in groups treated with the extracts at 160mg/kg and CCl4, which indicates high protective effect than 40, 80, and 120mg/kg. The lethal dose (LD50) of the plant extract was greater than 5000mg/kg. The results from this study suggest that CCl4-induced damage in rats can be ameliorated by treatment with the stem bark extracts of Newbouldia laevis.ABSTRACT The present work evaluates the hepatoprotective, phytochemical and antioxidant properties of stem bark extracts of Newbouldia laevis in rats treated with carbon tetrachloride (CCl4). saponins, tannins, flavonoids, alkaloids, volatile oils, steroids, flavonoid glycosides, balsams, saponin glycosides and resins were detected in the extracts. A significant (P<0.05) rise in the levels of transaminases, bilirubin, alkaline phosphatase, cholesterol and lipid peroxides in CCl4 intoxicated rats were restored to normal levels in groups treated with 40,80,120 and 160mg/kg of the extracts and CCl4 in a dose-dependent manner. However, levels of albumin, total protein, vitamin C, vitamin E, reduced glutathione and catalase significantly increased (P<0.05) when treated with the extract at 120 and 160mg/kg, respectively. Similarly, an increase in the activity of microsomal marker enzymes and lipids were recorded when treated with the extracts at the same dose. Histopathological observation showed fatty changes, necrosis and ballooning degeneration of hepatocytes in CCl4 treated group. These attributes were not seen in groups treated with the extracts at 160mg/kg and CCl4, which indicates high protective effect than 40, 80, and 120mg/kg. The lethal dose (LD50) of the plant extract was greater than 5000mg/kg. The results from this study suggest that CCl4-induced damage in rats can be ameliorated by treatment with the stem bark extracts of Newbouldia laevis.ABSTRACT The present work evaluates the hepatoprotective, phytochemical and antioxidant properties of stem bark extracts of Newbouldia laevis in rats treated with carbon tetrachloride (CCl4). saponins, tannins, flavonoids, alkaloids, volatile oils, steroids, flavonoid glycosides, balsams, saponin glycosides and resins were detected in the extracts. A significant (P<0.05) rise in the levels of transaminases, bilirubin, alkaline phosphatase, cholesterol and lipid peroxides in CCl4 intoxicated rats were restored to normal levels in groups treated with 40,80,120 and 160mg/kg of the extracts and CCl4 in a dose-dependent manner. However, levels of albumin, total protein, vitamin C, vitamin E, reduced glutathione and catalase significantly increased (P<0.05) when treated with the extract at 120 and 160mg/kg, respectively. Similarly, an increase in the activity of microsomal marker enzymes and lipids were recorded when treated with the extracts at the same dose. Histopathological observation showed fatty changes, necrosis and ballooning degeneration of hepatocytes in CCl4 treated group. These attributes were not seen in groups treated with the extracts at 160mg/kg and CCl4, which indicates high protective effect than 40, 80, and 120mg/kg. The lethal dose (LD50) of the plant extract was greater than 5000mg/kg. The results from this study suggest that CCl4-induced damage in rats can be ameliorated by treatment with the stem bark extracts of Newbouldia laevis.ABSTRACT The present work evaluates the hepatoprotective, phytochemical and antioxidant properties of stem bark extracts of Newbouldia laevis in rats treated with carbon tetrachloride (CCl4). saponins, tannins, flavonoids, alkaloids, volatile oils, steroids, flavonoid glycosides, balsams, saponin glycosides and resins were detected in the extracts. A significant (P<0.05) rise in the levels of transaminases, bilirubin, alkaline phosphatase, cholesterol and lipid peroxides in CCl4 intoxicated rats were restored to normal levels in groups treated with 40,80,120 and 160mg/kg of the extracts and CCl4 in a dose-dependent manner. However, levels of albumin, total protein, vitamin C, vitamin E, reduced glutathione and catalase significantly increased (P<0.05) when treated with the extract at 120 and 160mg/kg, respectively. Similarly, an increase in the activity of microsomal marker enzymes and lipids were recorded when treated with the extracts at the same dose. Histopathological observation showed fatty changes, necrosis and ballooning degeneration of hepatocytes in CCl4 treated group. These attributes were not seen in groups treated with the extracts at 160mg/kg and CCl4, which indicates high protective effect than 40, 80, and 120mg/kg. The lethal dose (LD50) of the plant extract was greater than 5000mg/kg. The results from this study suggest that CCl4-induced damage in rats can be ameliorated by treatment with the stem bark extracts of Newbouldia laevis.ABSTRACT The present work evaluates the hepatoprotective, phytochemical and antioxidant properties of stem bark extracts of Newbouldia laevis in rats treated with carbon tetrachloride (CCl4). saponins, tannins, flavonoids, alkaloids, volatile oils, steroids, flavonoid glycosides, balsams, saponin glycosides and resins were detected in the extracts. A significant (P<0.05) rise in the levels of transaminases, bilirubin, alkaline phosphatase, cholesterol and lipid peroxides in CCl4 intoxicated rats were restored to normal levels in groups treated with 40,80,120 and 160mg/kg of the extracts and CCl4 in a dose-dependent manner. However, levels of albumin, total protein, vitamin C, vitamin E, reduced glutathione and catalase significantly increased (P<0.05) when treated with the extract at 120 and 160mg/kg, respectively. Similarly, an increase in the activity of microsomal marker enzymes and lipids were recorded when treated with the extracts at the same dose. Histopathological observation showed fatty changes, necrosis and ballooning degeneration of hepatocytes in CCl4 treated group. These attributes were not seen in groups treated with the extracts at 160mg/kg and CCl4, which indicates high protective effect than 40, 80, and 120mg/kg. The lethal dose (LD50) of the plant extract was greater than 5000mg/kg. The results from this study suggest that CCl4-induced damage in rats can be ameliorated by treatment with the stem bark extracts of Newbouldia laevis.ABSTRACT The present work evaluates the hepatoprotective, phytochemical and antioxidant properties of stem bark extracts of Newbouldia laevis in rats treated with carbon tetrachloride (CCl4). saponins, tannins, flavonoids, alkaloids, volatile oils, steroids, flavonoid glycosides, balsams, saponin glycosides and resins were detected in the extracts. A significant (P<0.05) rise in the levels of transaminases, bilirubin, alkaline phosphatase, cholesterol and lipid peroxides in CCl4 intoxicated rats were restored to normal levels in groups treated with 40,80,120 and 160mg/kg of the extracts and CCl4 in a dose-dependent manner. However, levels of albumin, total protein, vitamin C, vitamin E, reduced glutathione and catalase significantly increased (P<0.05) when treated with the extract at 120 and 160mg/kg, respectively. Similarly, an increase in the activity of microsomal marker enzymes and lipids were recorded when treated with the extracts at the same dose. Histopathological observation showed fatty changes, necrosis and ballooning degeneration of hepatocytes in CCl4 treated group. These attributes were not seen in groups treated with the extracts at 160mg/kg and CCl4, which indicates high protective effect than 40, 80, and 120mg/kg. The lethal dose (LD50) of the plant extract was greater than 5000mg/kg. The results from this study suggest that CCl4-induced damage in rats can be ameliorated by treatment with the stem bark extracts of Newbouldia laevis.