SERUM ELECTROLYTE, UREA AND CREATININE LEVEL IN CHRONIC KIDNEY DISEASE IN PATIENTS ATTENDINGUSMANU DANFODIYO UNIVERSITY TEACHING HOSPITAL SOKOTO.

Abstract

ABSTRACT Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD) is the progressive loss of function of kidney and patient requires a long treatment in the form of renal replacement therapy. Glomerular filtration rate (GFR) is the term used to describe the volume of fluid filtered from the glomerular capillaries into the Bowman’s capsules per unit of time, and is the standard indicator of renal function. Blood creatinine and urea assays constitute the most common clinically relevant measure of renal function.The current study was carried out to study the electrolyte, urea and creatinine level in Chronic Kidney Disease patients with Heart disease. Creatinine was assayed using the Jaffe reaction method, Urea estimation by Berthelot reaction, Serum Sodium estimation using - Uranyl Acetate method, Serum Potassium was measured using Sodium Tetraphenyl Boron method, Serum Chloride estimation using Modified Thiocyanate method, Serum Bicarbonate was measuredusing Van Slyke’s methodand eGFR calculated using the MDRD equation. A total of 60 subjects were enrolled for this study which are 30 CKD patient and 30 controls. CKD subjects were 17 (56.67%) male and 13 (43.33%) female with mean age ± standard deviation (S.D) 48.68 ± 13.67 and control subject with mean age ± S.D of 38.10 ± 10.88. The patient were randomly selected and important parameters such as electrolyte, urea and creatinine were checked. The result shown that there was significant difference (p<0.05) in the eGFR(54.33mL/min/1.73±3.57) of the patient (CKD) in compared to controls while there is no significant difference in weight and BMI of subjects and control. The result showed that there is no significant difference observed (p<0.05) in serum level of sodium, potassium and chloride is quite not significant in CKD patient compared to controls. The result also revealed that there is statistical significant difference in serum level of urea, creatinine and bicarbonate in CKD patient in compared to control.From the present studies it is evident that CKD can cause significance increase in serum urea, creatinine, bicarbonate and chloride which indicate that these parameters can be used as parameters for screening early onset of renal dysfunction in patient with CKD. Electrolyte imbalance has a significant effect upon the risk of contracting many diseases. Key Words - Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD); Creatinine; Urea; estimated Glomerular Filtration Rate (eGFR); End Stage Renal Disease (ESRD).]