ASSESSMENT OF THE SPECTRUM OF TRANSVAGINAL SONOGRAPHY FINDINGS IN GYNAECOLOGICAL INVESTIGATIONS WITHIN SOKOTO METROPOLIS

Abstract

Transvaginal ultrasound (TVUS) is a vital imaging modality in gynecology, providing high-resolution visualization of the female reproductive organs. It is widely used in diagnosing conditions such as abnormal uterine bleeding, ovarian cysts, endometrial abnormalities, and infertility. This study assessed the spectrum and prevalence of TVUS findings in gynecological investigations within Sokoto metropolis. Materials and Methods: A prospective cross-sectional study was conducted from March to October 2025 in healthcare facilities performing TVUS in Sokoto metropolis. Seventy-three patients who underwent TVUS for gynecological indications were included. Ethical approval was obtained from the Sokoto State Human Research and Ethics Committee. Data were collected using structured data sheets and analyzed with descriptive statistics using SPSS version 25. Results: Among 73 participants, the majority were aged 20–39 years (78.1%). Most scans were performed in private diagnostic centers (69.9%). Normal findings were the most prevalent (24.66%), followed by ovarian cysts (21.92%) and uterine fibroids (12.33%). Other findings included polycystic ovary syndrome (9.59%), pelvic inflammatory disease (9.59%), and endometritis (5.48%). Less frequent conditions included uterine distortion, miscarriage, malignancy, hydrosalpinx, and adenomyosis.