PREVALENCE OF HELICOBACTER PYLORI IN SCHOOL OF MEDICAL LABORATORY SCIENCE, UDUTH, SOKOTO

Abstract

Helicobacter pylori is a globally prevalent bacterial pathogen strongly associated with chronic gastritis, peptic ulcer disease, and gastric cancer. Despite its major public-health significance, limited data exist on its burden among young adult populations in Sokoto, particularly students in health-related fields. This study assessed the prevalence of H. pylori infection among students of the School of Medical Laboratory Science, UDUTH, Sokoto, and evaluated associated socio-demographic factors, knowledge levels, attitudes, and behavioural practices. A descriptive cross-sectional design was employed, involving 120 students selected using simple random sampling. Structured questionnaires were administered to obtain socio-demographic and behavioural data, and venous blood samples were tested using the Medlife® H. pylori serum strip. The findings revealed a high prevalence of H. pylori infection (80.8%), with 97 students testing positive. Knowledge of H. pylori was generally high (90%), yet practical understanding of preventive measures such as avoiding utensil sharing was poor, with only 5.8% aware of its role in transmission. Common practices that facilitate infection, including sharing food and utensils (95%) and frequent meal skipping (92.5%), were widely reported. No significant associations were found between infection patterns and age or academic level, suggesting uniform exposure likely acquired earlier in life. H. pylori infection remains highly prevalent within this student population, driven largely by behavioural and environmental factors. Strengthened health education, improved hygiene practices, and consideration of routine screening are recommended to reduce transmission and long-term complications.