MEDICINAL PLANTS USE FOR TREATMENT OF COMMON DISEASES WIHTIN SOKOTO METROPOLIS

Abstract

The study documented medicinal plants used for the treatment of common diseases in Sokoto Metropolis, Sokoto State, Nigeria. The research employed a descriptive and exploratory design aimed at identifying and recording various plant species, their local and scientific names, parts used, methods of preparation, and diseases treated. Data were collected through interviews with traditional healers, herbal vendors, and elderly residents, as well as field observations and photographic documentation. A total of thirty-five (35) medicinal plant species belonging to various families were identified and documented. These plants are used to treat diseases such as malaria, fever, cough, diarrhea, typhoid fever, hypertension, and skin infections. Commonly used plants include Azadirachta indica (Neem), Moringa oleifera (Moringa), Zingiber officinale (Ginger), Hibiscus sabdariffa (Zobo), and Psidium guajava (Guava). Methods of preparation include decoction, infusion, grinding, and direct application, while the parts used include leaves, bark, seeds, fruits, and roots. The study revealed that the use of medicinal plants remains widespread due to their affordability, accessibility, and cultural acceptance. However, challenges such as lack of dosage standardization, poor documentation, and declining interest among younger generations threaten the preservation of indigenous knowledge. It is concluded that medicinal plants play a vital role in the primary healthcare system of Sokoto Metropolis. The study recommends proper documentation, conservation, and scientific validation of these plants, as well as collaboration between traditional healers and modern healthcare practitioners to ensure safety, sustainability, and knowledge preservation.