BENEFICIAL EFFECT OF CASSIA SIEBERIANA LEAVE EXTRACTS ON HAEMATOLOGICAL PARAMETERS OF ALLOXAN INDUCED DIABETIC RATS

Abstract

ABSTRACT Diabetes mellitus has become a major public health concern, especially in the developing countries. The current orthodox treatment modalities for diabetes mellitus have many drawbacks including undesirable side-effects and the high cost of long-term treatment. The aim of this study was to determine the effects of aqueous extract and fractions of Cassia- sieberiana leaves on the hematological parameters of alloxan-induced diabetic rats. The study rats were divided into 6 groups; group 1(normal control), group 2 (diabetic control), group 3 (administered with 300 mg/kg of aqueous extracts of Cassia- sieberiana), group 4 (administered with 300 mg/kg of methanolic extracts of Cassia- sieberiana), group 5(administered with 300 mg/kg of ethyl acetate extracts of Cassia- sieberiana), group 6 (administered with 300 mg/kg of Metformins). A dose of 300 mg/kg of Ethylacetate and methanolic extracts of aqueous Cassia- sieberiana was given oral daily for two weeks to the alloxan-induced albino rats. Metformins was also used as a standard anti-diabetic drug and was given oral to alloxan-induced diabetic albino rats. The fasting blood glucose levels were determined weekly for two weeks. At the end of the two weeks, the animals were sacrificed and blood samples were taken from all the groups for the determination of hematological parameters. The preliminary phytochemical screening of the two fractions of aqueous extract Cassia- sieberiana revealed the presence of alkaloids, flavonoids, and saponins. The result showed a significant decrease in some hematological parameters (RBC, Hb, PCV, and MCHC) control group II compared to control group I. The treatment group III and IV showed a significant increase (p<0.05) in the level of RBC and Hb, but the treatment group III is more effective than the group IV.In treatment group III the result showed a significant decrease in the level of WBC which may be coursed by protective effect of Cassie sieberiana. In conclusion, both Ethylacetate and methanolic extracts of Cassia- sieberiana were found to have potent anti-diabetic effects. The Ethylacetate and methanolic extracts both has significant erythropoetic effect that showed a significant increase in red cell parameters.