DOCUMENTATION OF MEDICINAL PLANTS ON THE POTENTIAL FOR THE TREATMENT OF PROSTATE CANCER IN SOKOTO METROPOLIS

Abstract

This study aimed to document the knowledge, usage, and perceptions of medicinal plants for prostate cancer treatment in Sokoto Metropolis. The findings indicate a significant reliance on traditional medicine, with a notable overlap between local practices and scientific research on herbal remedies. Data on medicinal plants used for the management of prostate cancer were collected through semi-structured questionnaires and oral interviews with traditional healers and local users. Information to be gathered include local plant names, plant parts used, methods of preparation, dosage, and mode of administration. The medicinal plants cited were collected from local markets and natural habitats. Each specimen were carefully labeled and transported to the Herbarium Unit, Department of Biological Sciences, Usmanu Danfodiyo University, Sokoto for proper identification and authentication by a plant taxonomist. The results revealed that; Most respondents (70%) reported no side effects from using medicinal plants, while 16% experienced mild side effects, 4% severe effects, and 10% were unsure. Traditional healers (36%) and hospitals (30%) were the main sources of healthcare, followed by pharmacies (20%) and self-medication (14%). The majority strongly agreed (40%) or agreed (36%) that medicinal plants for prostate problems should be scientifically studied, and 80% of respondents supported or strongly supported the documentation of local medicinal plants. Leaves (40%) were the most commonly used plant part in remedy preparation, followed by roots or rhizomes (24%), bark or stem (20%), and seeds or fruits (16%). Decoction (40%) was the predominant method of preparation, followed by infusion (24%), powdered oral administration (20%), and combining with other herbs (16%). A study evaluate the toxicity of Ficus exasperata, a plant used in Nigeria for various ailments, found that while low to medium concentrations were safe, higher doses exhibited toxic effects, highlighting the need for cautious use and proper dosage. The study recommended that; Government and local health authorities should support the documentation and preservation of indigenous medicinal plant knowledge to prevent loss of traditional wisdom.