ANTIOXIDANT ASSESSMENT ON DIABETIC INDUCED FRUIT FLIES USING METHANOLIC STEM EXTRACT OF DIOSPYROS MESPILIFORMIS (KAIWA).

Abstract

Diabetes mellitus remains one of the most prevalent metabolic disorders worldwide, characterized by chronic hyperglycemia and heightened oxidative stress. The search for safer and more effective antidiabetic therapies has renewed interest in medicinal plants traditionally used for managing metabolic diseases. This study investigated the antioxidant and antihyperglycemic potential of Diospyrous Mespiliformis (Kaiwa) in Drosophils Melanogaster experimentally induced with diabetes using a 30% high-sucrose diet. Wild-type flies were exposed to the high-sucrose diet for 14 days to establish hyperglycemia, after which they were treated with D. mespiliformis extract or metformin for an additional seven days. Biochemical and physiological parameters, including glucose, malondialdehyde (MDA), catalase (CAT), locomotor activity, and body weight, were assessed. The results showed a significant elevation in glucose levels, reduced locomotor activity, increased body weight, and heightened oxidative stress among high-sucrose diet groups, confirming successful induction of diabetic-like conditions. Treatment with D. mespiliformis extract markedly reduced glucose and trehalose concentrations, restored locomotor performance, and lowered body weight to near-control levels. The extract also enhanced antioxidant capacity and significantly reduced malondialdehyde levels, indicating strong protection against lipid peroxidation and oxidative damage. These effects were comparable to those observed with metformin, the reference antidiabetic drug. The study concludes that D. mespiliformis possesses potent antidiabetic and antioxidant activities capable of reducing hyperglycemia and oxidative stress. Its therapeutic potential supports its traditional use and highlights its value as a promising natural alternative for managing diabetes and related metabolic complications.