THE EFFECT OF NPK FERTILIZER ON SEED GERMINATION AND EARLY SEEDLING GROWTH OF SORGHUM BICOLOR (SORGHUM) AND TRITICUM AESTIVUM (WHEAT) IN SOKOTO STATE.

Abstract

This study investigated the Effect of NPK Fertilizer on Seed Germination and Early Seedling Growth of Sorghum bicolor and Triticum aestivum in Sokoto State. The experiment was conducted at the Physiology and Biological Garden, Department of Biological Sciences, Usmanu Danfodiyo University, Sokoto. Seeds of Sorghum bicolor and Triticum aestivum were subjected to four NPK fertilizer treatments (0 g, 2 g, 4 g, and 6 g) using a completely randomized design. Germination percentage, seedling height, number of leaves, and fresh and dry weights were measured over 6 weeks. Data were analyzed using ANOVA and Duncan’s Multiple Range Test at a 5% level of significance. Results revealed that NPK significantly enhanced germination and early seedling growth of both species, with optimal responses observed at 4 g treatment. Higher NPK concentration (6 g) reduced. performance, indicating possible nutrient toxicity and osmotic imbalance. Sorghum bicolor exhibited superior growth compared to Triticum aestivum, suggesting higher adaptability to Sokoto’s semi-arid conditions. The study concludes that moderate NPK levels (4 g) promote efficient growth and recommends integrated nutrient management strategies to sustain productivity while preserving soil health.